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<BODY> <html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:st1="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> <link rel=File-List href="blumentritt-Dateien/filelist.xml"> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="State"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="country-region"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PlaceType"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="PlaceName"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="City"/> <o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" name="place"/>  <style>  </style>  <body bgcolor="#969696" lang=DE link=blue vlink=purple style='tab-interval: 35.4pt'> <div class=Section1> <table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=1199 style='width:899.1pt;border-collapse:collapse;border:none;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook:480;mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid #999999;mso-border-insidev:.5pt solid #999999'> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'> <td width=1199 colspan=2 valign=top style='width:899.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;color:maroon;letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language: HU'>_________________________________</span></b><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:8.0pt;color:maroon;letter-spacing: .5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:48.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>Series <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>of the Collections for Research into Sudeten German Minority <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:48.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>I.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-pagination:none'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-pagination:none'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-pagination:none'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; line-height:16.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;mso-pagination:none'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>Szentendre/Hungary, 2006.</span></b><span lang=HU style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'> </span><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight: normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family: "Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>HU ISSN 1788-0971 <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:26.0pt;color:maroon;letter-spacing:.5pt;mso-ansi-language: HU'>_________________________________<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto;text-align:center;line-height:150%'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 14.0pt;line-height:150%;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family: "Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>p.3<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family: "Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:22.0pt;font-family: "Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'>Dr. <span class=SpellE>Lea-Katharina</span> Steller:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span style='font-size:22.0pt;font-family: "Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'>Ferdinand Blumentritt (1853-1913)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>(Lecture on the conference of the Philippine Embassy<o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=right style='text-align:right'><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Budapest</span></i></st1:place></st1:City><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>, 19 May 2000)*<o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Some years ago I have found an interesting book in the Eastern Collection of the Library of the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Hungarian</st1:PlaceName></st1:place> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Academy</st1:PlaceType></st1:place> of Sciences. This book - the work of Professor Harry <span class=SpellE>Sichrovsky</span>, who is in charge of the South-Eastern Asian and Chinese affairs in the Ludwig Boltzmann <span class=SpellE>Instute</span> in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Austria</st1:country-region>, a country neighbouring <st1:country-region w:st="on">Hungary</st1:country-region> - was the biography of Ferdinand <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span>, with the subtitle: <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span>An Austrian Life for the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region><span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span>. The volume, published in <st1:City w:st="on">Manila</st1:City> in 1987, was written in a very readable, popular form, and it fills a lacuna in the literature of the history of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>. I only had a problem with the title of the work, because the hero of the work, Ferdinand <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span>, was not Austrian at all.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>For the sake of security I got the original edition: <span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Der</i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> <span class=SpellE>Revolutionär</span> von <span class=SpellE>Leitmeritz</span>. </i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon'>Ferdinand Blumentritt und der philippinische Freiheitskampf.</span></i><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'> (<span class=SpellE>The</span> <span class=SpellE>Revolutionary</span> <span class=SpellE>from</span> <span class=SpellE>Leitmeritz</span>. </span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Ferdinand <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> and the War of <st1:City w:st="on">Independence</st1:City> of the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>). This is nearer to the truth. <span class=SpellE>Leitmeritz</span> is a small German town in the so-called Sudetenland, in <st1:State w:st="on">Bohemia</st1:State>, which was then part of the Hapsburg Empire together with <st1:country-region w:st="on">Austria</st1:country-region>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Hungary</st1:country-region> and <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Croatia</st1:place></st1:country-region>. The beautiful German river, the Elbe flows across <span class=SpellE>Leitmeritz</span> (today in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on"><span class=SpellE>Litomerice</span></st1:City></st1:place>, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Czech Republic</st1:country-region></st1:place>), which had 20,000 inhabitants then - a city<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>p.4<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span class=GramE><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>of</span></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> merchants, soldiers and clerks, a typical European <span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>bürgerstadt</i></span>, and a Catholic <span class=SpellE>episcopal</span> seat. The city, with its city status dating back to 1227<span class=GramE>,<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span>is</span> surrounded by a hilly woodland, has a strong Catholic spirit and was always open to Catholic immigrants from all parts of the world. One of the famous sons of <span class=SpellE>Leitmeritz</span> is <span class=SpellE>Ottavio</span> <span class=SpellE>Broggio</span>, the famous Baroque architect, who designed the <span class=SpellE>episcopal</span> cathedral of the town, devoted to the martyr St. Stephen. The city provided new home for the famous Spanish family of colonizers, the <span class=SpellE>Alcarazes</span>, who had been exiled from <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Manila</st1:place></st1:City> in 1773 together with the Jesuits. The daughter of the family, a <span class=SpellE>Mediterran</span> beauty, Dolores de <span class=SpellE>Alcaraz</span> was married to Franz <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span>, a member of a distinguished family, who came from the banks of the <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">Lake</st1:PlaceType> <st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><span class=SpellE>Boden</span></st1:PlaceName>, <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Switzerland</st1:place></st1:country-region>. One of the ancestors of Franz <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> fought against the Ottoman Turks, and took part in the famous 1686 siege of Buda (the historical capital of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Hungary</st1:place></st1:country-region>). This ancestor was rewarded by the Hapsburg Emperor with estates for his <span class=SpellE>valor</span>. Dolores and Franz had several children, and for some years my great-great grandfather (their nephew) lived with them too, after his father died of cholera. He later <span class=SpellE>Hungarianized</span> his family name to <span class=SpellE>Virághalmy</span>. Considering the atmosphere of the age the sons received an open-minded education, based on <span class=SpellE>accomodation</span>, in accord with the Jesuit pedagogical ideal. The family homes in <span class=SpellE>Leitmeritz</span> and <st1:City w:st="on">Prague</st1:City>, full of valuable relics from the Philippine tribes and the history of Spanish colonization in the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Philippines</st1:country-region></st1:place>, had a deep impact on the sons and on my great-great grandfather, who later published several anonymous articles about South-Eastern Asia in Hungarian in the <span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Vasárnapi</i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> <span class=SpellE>Újság</span> </i>(Hungarian </span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon'><a href="http://www.sundaynews.co.zw/"><span lang=EN-GB style='color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB;text-decoration:none;text-underline: none'>Sunday News</span></a></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>). Only Ferdinand, the grandson of Dolores de <span class=SpellE>Alcaraz</span> committed his whole life to the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>After getting an M. A. of History and Geography on the Charles University of Prague, Ferdinand <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> became a teacher, and in 1900 he was appointed as headmaster of a high school in <span class=SpellE>Leitmeritz</span>. He had two aims in life: the coordinating of the research and interest toward the <st1:country-region w:st="on">Philippines</st1:country-region> - which had been emerged in <st1:place w:st="on">Europe</st1:place> in the second half of the nineteenth century -, and the patriotic rearing of the youth of his city and its surroundings.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>p.5<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>It is a legitimate question to ask what did the Germans have to do with this area in the 19th <span class=GramE>century?</span> For the <st1:country-region w:st="on">Philippines</st1:country-region> was a Spanish colony, <st1:country-region w:st="on">Malaysia</st1:country-region> was British, and <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Indonesia</st1:place></st1:country-region> was a Dutch one. </span><span class=SpellE><span style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'>Yet</span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'> <span class=SpellE>we</span> <span class=SpellE>can</span> <span class=SpellE>read</span> in a <span class=SpellE>letter</span> <span class=SpellE>by</span> José <span class=SpellE>Rizal</span> <span class=SpellE>sent</span> to Blumentritt in 1887: <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span>Finden Sie nicht - sagte ich /<span class=SpellE>Rizal</span>/ meinem Landsmann - <span class=SpellE>daß</span> es ein wenig traurig ist, diese uns betreffenden Kenntnisse vom Auslande zu erhalten? - Ja, Dank den deutschen Gelehrten bekommen wir einige genaue Nachricht über unser Volk, und wenn alles zu Hause zerstört sein wird, müssen wir nach Deutschland herschiffen um die Museen zu besehen, um die deutschen Bücher zu durchblättern: das ist traurig, aber es <span class=SpellE>muß</span> so sein.<span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span> </span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>(Don't you deem it a little sad - I /Rizal/ have said one of my fellow citizens - that we got the information concerning us from abroad? Yes, due to the German scholars, we have precise knowledge <span class=SpellE>abour</span> our own nation, and if all had been destroyed at home, then we would have to sail to <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Germany</st1:place></st1:country-region>, to look the German museums and to turn over the pages of the German books. This is a sad truth, but this is a fact.) Yet these researches had no connection with the colonial politics of Imperial Germany and Chancellor Otto von Bismarck. This fact is testified by Rudolf Virchow, the famous <span class=SpellE>anhropologist</span>, pathologist and historian of pharmacology of Pomeranian origin, the teacher of Dr Rizal, who, as a liberal representative of the Reichstag, voted and protested on several occasions against the German colonial plans. </span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon'>Blumentritt, <span class=SpellE>who</span> <span class=SpellE>respected</span> Virchow as his <span class=SpellE>mentor</span>, <span class=SpellE>acknowledged</span> <span class=SpellE>this</span> in a <span class=SpellE>letter</span> in 1889: <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span>...aber jenen, die, nur weil sie hörten, <span class=SpellE>daß</span> ich ein Deutscher bin, glauben, <span class=SpellE>daß</span> ich ein deutscher Untertan bin, und deshalb ein Agent Bismarcks - denen sollte ich eine Lektion in Geographie geben... Liebe Freunde: die Deutschen bewohnen nicht nur den größten Teil von Deutschland mit 42 Millionen Menschen, sondern auch ein Drittel der Schweiz, das gesamte <span class=SpellE>Luxembourg</span>, ländliche Gebiete Hollands, die preußischen Städte im Baltikum etc. Von den 38 Millionen Einwohnern von Österreich-Ungarn sind 10 Millionen Deutsche. </span><span class=SpellE><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Ich</span></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size: 14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> bin <span class=SpellE>solch</span> <span class=SpellE>ein</span> <span class=SpellE>Österreich-Deutscher</span>...<span style='mso-font-kerning: 8.0pt'>"</span> (But for those who, when they hear that I am a German, believe that I am a German citizen, and because of it, I'm an agent of <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on">Bismarck</st1:City></st1:place>, I must <span class=GramE>held</span> a lecture of geography. My dear friends, the Germans inhabit not only the greater part of Germany, forming a mass of 42 million people, but they are the inhabitants of one-third of Switzerland, of the whole of Luxembourg, of the Dutch countryside, not to mention the Prussian citizens of the Baltic countries, etc., and they amount to 10 million of the 38 million inhabitants of Austria-Hungary. And I belong to this group of Germans: to the Austrian Germans.)<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>p.6<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Thus the German scholars' interest in <span class=SpellE>orientalism</span> can be explained not by imperialistic political attitudes, but by the development of comparative historical linguistics. Besides Franz Bopp and Jacob Grimm I think above all of Wilhelm von Humboldt, who <span class=SpellE>sucessfully</span> applied the methods developed by his forerunners to the research of the Malay-Polynesian languages. Of course, <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> too could not avoid the impact of the world of ideas of Humboldt, the sources of which had been the German romantics, Herder, Kant and Hegel. The first serious <span class=SpellE>linguistical</span> work by <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> was published in 1882, under the <span class=GramE>title<span style='mso-spacerun:yes'> </span><span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'>Vocabular</i></span></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> <span class=SpellE>einzelner</span> <span class=SpellE>Ausdrücke</span> und <span class=SpellE>Redensarten</span>, <span class=SpellE>welche</span> <span class=SpellE>dem</span> <span class=SpellE>Spanischen</span> <span class=SpellE>der</span> <span class=SpellE>philippinischen</span> <span class=SpellE>Inseln</span> <span class=SpellE>eigenthümlich</span> <span class=SpellE>sind</span> </i>(The vocabulary of some peculiar Philippine Spanish expressions and idioms). During the writing of his work <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> established connections with Dr. <span class=SpellE>Hendrik</span> Kern, an <span class=SpellE>indologist</span>, who led Indonesian studies at the University of Leiden, Professor Georg Alexander <span class=SpellE>Wilken</span>, who was the director of the Library of Royal Institute of Linguistics and Anthropology at Leiden, and Hans Georg Conon von <span class=SpellE>der</span> <span class=SpellE>Gabelentz</span>, who was at this time the Professor of Eastern Asian Linguistics in Leipzig. He got further help in his work from <span class=SpellE>Pardo</span> de <span class=SpellE>Tavera</span>, who was related to the Mexican Cardinal of the same name, and from Mr. <span class=SpellE>Labhart</span>-Lutz, the <span class=SpellE>Manilan</span> Ambassador of <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Austria-Hungary</st1:place></st1:country-region>. Thus <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> could publish a sequel to his book in 1885. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>After finishing the vocabulary, <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> got some interesting manuscripts from <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Manila</st1:place></st1:City>. One of them was a Catholic Catechism written in an ancestral aboriginal language, used by Spanish Franciscans. This was translated by <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> to the somewhat more modern <span class=SpellE>Ilongota</span> language. At this time began <span class=GramE>he</span> his conversations and correspondence with Hugo <span class=SpellE>Schuchardt</span>, whose later <span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Wörter</i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> und <span class=SpellE>Sachen</span> </i>(Words and Things) method of linguistics began to take shape about this time. The essence of this method was that when trying to understand the migration of loanwords it is not enough to rely only on the <span class=SpellE>phonetical</span> laws existing and working in the given age, and perhaps on the meaning of the words themselves, but we must examine the <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span>things and objects<span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span> denoted by the <o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:5'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>p.7<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span class=GramE><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>words</span></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> too. Of course we must also take in account the facts of the cultural <span class=SpellE>histor</span>. (It should be noted that a similar linguistic theory was elaborated by P. <span class=SpellE>Heras</span> SJ, a Professor of the <span class=SpellE>Ateneo</span> in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Manila</st1:place></st1:City>.) The legacy of Hugo <span class=SpellE>Schuchardt</span> was elaborated by one of my colleagues in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Graz</st1:place></st1:City>, thus the <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt-Schuchardt</span> correspondence is accessible to the research. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Encouraged by his friends, the young geographer Hans Meyer (who was the first to reach the summit of the Kilimanjaro in 1889) and his father, Herman Julius Meyer, the owner of the Bibliographical Institute in <span class=SpellE>Hildburghausen</span> (the publishing house which publishes the famous Meyer Lexicon), <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> compiled the several volumes of Bibliotheca <span class=SpellE>Philippina</span>. This bibliography, striving for completeness, contains all the linguistic, geographical, ethnographical, historical and scientific books and manuscripts on the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>. After <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> published his work, <span class=SpellE>Fedor</span> <span class=SpellE>Jagor</span>, an <span class=SpellE>ehtnographer</span> of Russian origin and the director of the Ethnographical Collection of the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:PlaceName w:st="on">Berlin</st1:PlaceName></st1:place> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">University</st1:PlaceType></st1:place>, immediately congratulated him. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>His colleagues, the geographers also took note of <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span>. His <span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Versuch</i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'> <span class=SpellE>einer</span> <span class=SpellE>Ethnographie</span> <span class=SpellE>der</span> <span class=SpellE>Philippinen</span></i> (An Attempt of an Ethnography of the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>), published in <span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Petermann</i><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span style='font-family:"Times New Roman"'></span>s</i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> <span class=SpellE>Mittheilungen</span>,</i> is not only a basic textbook of ethnography of the area, but one of geography too. He got many orders for various essays, for example <i style='mso-bidi-font-style: normal'>Die <span class=SpellE>Goldfundstellen</span> auf den <span class=SpellE>Philippinen</span> und <span class=SpellE>ihre</span> <span class=SpellE>Ausbeutung</span> </i>(The Goldmines of the Philippines and their exploitation), or <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Die <span class=SpellE>Erdbeben</span> des <span class=SpellE>Juli</span> 1880 auf den <span class=SpellE>Philippinen</span> </i>(The Earthquake of July 1880 on the Philippines). The collaborators were <span class=SpellE>Vincenz</span> <span class=SpellE>Haardt</span> von <span class=SpellE>Hartenthurn</span> of Wien, and Alexander <span class=SpellE>Schadenberg</span>, a chemist from Breslau, who later worked in <st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Manila</st1:place></st1:City>. Shortly afterwards Ferdinand <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> became a member of the <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span><span class=SpellE>Militärwissenschaftlicher</span> <span class=SpellE>Verein</span> in <span class=SpellE>Theresienstadt</span><span style='mso-font-kerning: 8.0pt'>"</span> too. He had to contribute to several military subjects, for example in an article he wrote for <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>The Washington Sentinel</i> in 1900. In this article he argued against the American annexation of the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>, on the basis of military considerations: <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span>...In the Philippines, however, the natives are used to the obligatory service. So if the Filipinos adopt the military organization<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:6'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>p.8.<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span class=GramE><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>which</span></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> is called <span class=SpellE>Landwehr</span> in <st1:country-region w:st="on">Austria</st1:country-region> and <span class=SpellE>Hanved</span> in <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Hungary</st1:country-region></st1:place>, they can form a permanent army of 12,000 to 18,000 soldiers in time of peace, and in time of war there will be in their ranks an army of 150,000 to 200,000 valiant, sober and cheap soldiers. The <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">United States</st1:place></st1:country-region> may dispose of this army in any conflict arising in the extreme Orient. Let the Americans compare this situation with that created by the annexation. If they annex the country they have to maintain a great army of <span class=GramE>volunteers</span> <span class=SpellE>wich</span> will be very expensive and which, because of the effects of the climate, will not be able to render as many services as in their own country. In case of war this expensive army will not be able to fight against the enemy, because its forces will be necessary to stifle or to prevent revolution in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Yet Ferdinand <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> was fundamentally a historian. His two interesting works, considered as fundamental works in the history of the <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:country-region w:st="on">Philippines</st1:country-region></st1:place>, are the <span class=SpellE><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Holländische</i></span><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'> <span class=SpellE>Angriffe</span> auf die <span class=SpellE>Philippinen</span> <span class=SpellE>im</span> <span class=GramE>XVI.,</span> XVII. <span class=GramE>und</span> XVIII. <span class=SpellE>Jahrhunderte</span> </i>(Dutch Assaults on the <st1:country-region w:st="on">Philippines</st1:country-region> in 16th, 17th and 18th centuries) and the <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'>Die <span class=SpellE>Chinesen</span> auf den <span class=SpellE>Philippinen</span> </i>(The Chinese in the <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Philippines</st1:place></st1:country-region>). According to my view, his Spanish mythological vocabulary also belongs to this category, regarding its many historical allusions. His work had a great influence among the Jesuits. <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal style='text-indent:35.4pt'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Harry <span class=SpellE>Sichrovsky</span> limits his book about Ferdinand <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> on his acquaintance and later friendship with José Rizal. José Rizal got acquainted with <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> in July 1886. <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> supported him in every <span class=GramE>matter,</span> his house was always open before the young man of mixed heritage. His deep friendship could last only for ten years. José Rizal, who had returned to his homeland, wrote the last letter to <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> on 29th <span class=SpellE>december</span> 1896: <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span>Prof. Fernando <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> - My dear Brother, when you receive this letter, I shall be dead by then. Tomorrow at 7, I shall be shot; but I am innocent of the crime of rebellion.<span style='mso-font-kerning: 8.0pt'>"<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:7'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>p.9<o:p></o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>Blumentritt</span></span><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'> never recovered from the experience of the execution of his best friend. As the intellectual leader of a Sudeten German city, he was a genuine liberal, who opposed colonialism, a Catholic with a reforming tendency, who was very far from racism. As a Sudeten German, he regarded the <span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span><st1:place w:st="on"><st1:City w:st="on"><span class=SpellE>indio</span></st1:City></st1:place><span style='mso-font-kerning:8.0pt'>"</span> Rizal as a human being, as anybody else. According to contemporary historians of ideas the national liberalism of the 19th century was near to an elitist conception of human equality, which was limited <span class=GramE>to a</span> narrow elite. Indeed <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> held the <span class=SpellE>Philippinos</span> immature and not ready for independence (after their oppression for hundreds of years), but he believed that everybody should get a chance for education - and if he was talented, it was the interest of the state, of the community, of the nation to ensure him work and living space, so he would be then useful for his homeland. The country, which doesn't do this, is - according to <span class=SpellE>Blumentritt</span> - unworthy of independence. He proclaimed and taught this message as a headmaster, as the knight of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, as the member of the Geographical Society of Madrid and <st1:City w:st="on">Vienna</st1:City>, as <span class=GramE>a</span> honorary member of the Indochina Academy of Paris and of scientific research societies in <st1:City w:st="on">Amsterdam</st1:City>, <st1:City w:st="on">Lima</st1:City>, <st1:City w:st="on">Tokyo</st1:City> and <st1:place w:st="on"><st1:State w:st="on">Berlin</st1:State></st1:place>. He died in 1913.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'>* English translation revised by <b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'>Anita <span class=SpellE>Dranka</span></b><o:p></o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><i style='mso-bidi-font-style:normal'><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr style='mso-yfti-irow:8;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> <td width=49 valign=top style='width:37.1pt;border:solid #999999 1.0pt; border-top:none;mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> </td> <td width=1149 valign=top style='width:862.0pt;border-top:none;border-left: none;border-bottom:solid #999999 1.0pt;border-right:solid #999999 1.0pt; mso-border-top-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;mso-border-left-alt:solid #999999 .5pt; mso-border-alt:solid #999999 .5pt;padding:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt'> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-font-kerning:8.0pt; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-font-kerning:8.0pt; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-font-kerning:8.0pt; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-font-kerning:8.0pt; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-font-kerning:8.0pt; mso-ansi-language:HU'>Impressum:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-font-kerning:8.0pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>Series of the Collections for Research into Sudeten German Minority<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-font-kerning:8.0pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>(Ed. Dr. Lea-Katharina STELLER. Szentendre/Hungary, HU ISSN 1788-0971)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;punctuation-wrap: simple'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-font-kerning:8.0pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>I. (2006) pp.3-9: Dr. Lea-Katharina STELLER: Ferdinand Blumentritt (1853-1913)<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b style='mso-bidi-font-weight:normal'><span lang=HU style='font-size:16.0pt; font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon;mso-font-kerning:8.0pt; mso-ansi-language:HU'>Copyright: <o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-font-kerning:8.0pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>Szudétanémet Tudományos Gyűjtemény<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-font-kerning:8.0pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>Sudetendeutsche Wissenschaftliche Sammlung<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span lang=HU style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style";color:maroon; mso-font-kerning:8.0pt;mso-ansi-language:HU'>Collections for Research into <st1:place w:st="on">Sudeten</st1:place> German Minority<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; color:maroon;mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> </td> </tr> </table> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=HU style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:HU'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class=MsoNormal><span lang=EN-GB style='font-family:"Bookman Old Style"; mso-ansi-language:EN-GB'><o:p> </o:p></span></p> </div> </body> </BODY> <br>Partneroldalak: <br> <a href="http://domain.domainshop.hu/domain.html" alt="tárhely domainregisztráció">Domain regisztráció tár és szerverszolgáltatások: domain domainnév tárhely e-mail, imap, pop3</a><br> <a href="http://www.webtar.hu" alt="tárhely donainregisztráció">www.webtar.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.micropay.hu" alt="micropay">www.micropay.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.ingyenweb.hu" alt="ingyenweb">www.ingyenweb.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.videok.hu" alt="Videók">www.videok.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.xn--antikvrium-x4a.hu" alt="Antikvárium">www.antikvárium.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.ftpdir.hu" alt="ftpdir">www.ftpdir.hu</a><br> <a href="http://xn--fotk-sqa.hu" alt="fotók">www.fotók.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.randi.hu" alt="Randi">www.randi.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.licit.hu" alt="Licit">www.licit.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.napivicc.hu" alt="vicc">www.napivicc.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.gyertyalang.hu" alt="gyertyagyújtás">www.gyertyalang.hu</a><br> <a href="http://www.xn--helyesrs-fza2j.hu" alt="helyesírás.hu">www.helyesírás.hu</a><br> <a href="http://domain.webtar.hu/domain.html" alt="Domain regiszráció és tárhely">Domain regisztráció</a><br>